Telephoto lens has a narrower angle of view,it thus gives apparent magnification to objects,it also seems to compress distant things, and there is less depth of field. The most obvious is to allow photographs of distant organisms to be made.

Wide angle lenses are great for capturing the expanse of a mountain view, or for giving one an appreciation of the entirety of an organism's habitate.  

Fisheye lens distorts straight lines into ridiculous curves. Straight lines, depending on where they are in the photo can be pulled a lot, a little, or not at all. The farther they are from the the center line of the photo, the more distortion there is. The closer the line is to the midpoint of the X or Y axis of the lens, the straighter the line will be.